Pterygium

What is a Pterygium?

A Pterygium is a fleshy, wedge-shaped growth on the clear cornea of the eye. The growth is an elevation of elastic and connective tissue, which normally begins on the inner corner of the eye and grows towards the center of the eye. A pterygium occurs when the conjunctiva (which normally extends from the eyelid margin to the edge of the cornea) begins to grow on the cornea.

What Causes a Pterygium?

Long-term exposure to ultraviolet sunlight and dry conditions seem to encourage the development of pterygia. They often develop in individuals who spend a large amount of time outside and are frequently exposed to sun, wind, dust or harsh climates. They are three times more likely to develop in men than women.

What are the Symptoms of Pterygia?

While the symptoms of Pterygia are generally not severe, they may include blurred vision, eye irritation, itching, burning and scratchiness. During growth periods, pterygia are often swollen and red. They tend to progress slowly and often stabilize without causing serious problems. It is possible, however, for a pterygium to grow over the center of the cornea and cause vision reduction.

What are Treatments for Pterygia?

Eye drops or ointments may be used to reduce inflammation and relieve dryness, if the pterygia become red and irritated. A pterygium may also be surgically removed, if good vision is being threatened. Surgery can be utilized to remove pterygia for cosmetic reasons, as well; but they have a tendency to return, especially in younger people. Also, the dryness and irritation associated with them, tend to continue even after surgical removal. To prevent recurrences, surface radiation or medication can be utilized.